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Formalistic Analysis of the Poem “Resilience” by Daud Kamal

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By Syeda Areeba Fatima

Text of the Poem:

Sparks-

From an old anvil-

Desiccated petals of fire-

And the rafter

Blackened by generations of smoke,

Don’t give up:

Nothing lasts longer

Then what can be endured?

Boats on the river

And the flowering almond trees.

 

Love-

Cloudless wine,

But something is always lacking

Does man learn by suffering?

The night

Neither denies or affirms.

Glimpses (or memories) of perfection.

Cusp of the moon

Fortuitous conjunctions.

The leaf turns with the wind

Structural and Stylistic Devices:

  • The poem is divided into two stanzas of uneven lines. 
  • The poet in this poem incorporates a disruptive syntax with the use of fragmented sentences. He also employs blank verse with no particular rhyming scheme. 
  • He also uses an unreliable narrator to achieve defamiliarization.
  • The poet incorporates different punctuation markers such as (:), (;), (?), and (.) in the poem. 

Literary Devices: 

Imagery

The poet incorporates seven different imageries in the poem at different instances. In the first stanza, he used the imageries of “sparks from an old anvil”, “rafters blackened by the generation of smoke”, “boats on the river”, and “flowering almond trees”. Whereas, in the second stanza he incorporates imageries such as “cusp of the moon”, “fortuitous conjunctions” and “leaves turn with the wind”. 

Metaphor

The poet uses the metaphor of “desiccated petals of fire” for the sparks.

Symbolism

The poet in this poem uses symbolism many times. For instance, the imageries of sparks and blackened smoke are highly symbolic as the poet uses them as a symbol for hardships. Similarly, the imagery of “flowering almond trees” represents life and vitality which is used to symbolize success. In the second stanza, the imageries of imperfection are symbolic. The poet uses the as a symbol for beauty. 

Interpretation of the poem: 

The sparks rising from an old anvil appear to be desiccated petals of fire. These sparks have blackened the rafter by their smoke. The poet advises his audience that even in the face of blackened hardships, one must never give up as these hardships are temporary. Eventually, a person will overcome these adversities of life and will be rewarded with vitality and success.  

Love us linked with cloudless wine- as it is, like other things lacking something. The poet questions that whether a man learns by suffering? The night can neither appreciate the beauty of the moon nor can it deny it. Just like in the fortuitous conjunctions and the leaves which are turned by the wind, beauty is present everywhere. 

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